Pragmatics, the branch of linguistics that takes into account the relationship between language and its context, including the correct interpretation of non-literal contents, plays a major role ( 8). Successful interpersonal communication relies on conversation partners being able to express and perceive different content via their verbal or nonverbal messages. There is currently a great interest in this topic in social cognition research ( 7). Schizophrenia has traditionally been described primarily as a communication disorder ( 2– 6). Patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders typically present with significant difficulties in social functioning that can occur in various areas, including in interpersonal communication ( 1). Introduction Schizophrenia Spectrum and Communication: Disorders of Pragmatic Abilities Third, we delineate possible future lines of research in this field, also taking into account some classical psychopathological assumptions, for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Second, we discuss existing studies on the use of non-emotional prosody in these patients, providing an overview of the state of the art. In this paper, we first present a linguistic model to classify prosodic functions. By contrast, the use of non-emotional prosody in these patients is scarcely investigated. Most of the existing literature on prosody of patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders focuses on the expression of emotion, generally showing significant impairments. Prosody, the tone of voice with which words and sentences are pronounced, is one of the most important carriers of pragmatic meaning and can serve a range of functions from linguistic to emotional ones. Empirical studies have shown that these abilities are significantly impaired in this group of patients. From a linguistic perspective, pragmatic abilities are crucial for successful communication. Patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders experience severe difficulties in interpersonal communication, as described by traditional psychopathology and current research on social cognition. 5Department of Mental Health, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale di Parma, Parma, Italy.4Cognitive Neuroscience (INM-3), Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Research Center Jülich, Jülich, Germany.3Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.2IfL-Phonetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.1Psychiatry Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Medical Faculty, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.Zimmermann 3, Carlo Marchesi 1, Kai Vogeley 3,4 and Matteo Tonna 5 diminish curtail (Websters, p.Valeria Lucarini 1*, Martine Grice 2, Francesco Cangemi 2, Juliane T. To shorten by omissions while retaining the basic contents to reduce or lessen in duration, scope, authority, etc.In complex cases, a party might write an abridged (condensed) version of a memorandum of law or other legal argument to serve as an introduction to the longer version that contains all the details. To make shorter by removal of surplus, excess, or less important text.Order to bring forward date allocated for hearing (or arbitration) etc.To make shorter to shorten in duration To shorten or contract by using fewer words, yet retaining the sense to epitomize to condense as, to abridge a history or dictionary To deprive to cut off - followed by of, and formerly by from as, to abridge one of his rights To lessen to.The village is in the district of Epping Forest and in the parliamentary constituency of Brentwood & Ongar. It is on the River Roding, southwest of the county town of Chelmsford. Abridge is a village in Essex, England.Lessen, diminish, or curtail "the new law might abridge our freedom of expression".Reduce in scope while retaining essential elements "The manuscript must be shortened".
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